In the process of raising pigs in rural areas, many farmers often make mistakes due to a lack of scientific knowledge about feeding, management, and disease prevention. These issues are crucial for successful pig farming. There are twelve common misconceptions among rural pig farmers:
1. **Using Water with Pellet Feed**
Many farmers mix water into pellet feed, turning it into a porridge-like consistency. This practice destroys the nutritional value of the feed. The correct approach is to feed the pigs with dry pellets first, then provide clean water.
2. **Inbreeding**
Some farmers breed their own pigs without considering genetic diversity, leading to weaker offspring and reduced productivity. Inbreeding can cause health issues and lower economic returns.
3. **Thinking Red Skin Means Good Feed**
A red and shiny skin may seem like a sign of good health, but some feed mills add harmful substances to achieve this appearance. Such feeds can be dangerous for both pigs and humans.
4. **Overusing Analgin for Fever**
When pigs show signs of fever, some farmers give large doses of analgin immediately. However, this drug can cause severe side effects, including anaphylactic shock and even death.
5. **Combining Castration and Vaccination**
Some farmers castrate piglets and then vaccinate them on the same day. This can delay healing and reduce the effectiveness of vaccines. It’s better to wait 10–15 days after castration before vaccination.
6. **Weaning Too Early or Too Late**
Premature weaning can lead to stunted growth, while late weaning increases reproductive cycles. The ideal weaning age is between 45–50 days.
7. **Believing Black Feces Mean Better Digestion**
Black feces may indicate high copper levels in the feed, not better digestion. Healthy pigs typically have smooth, well-formed stools.
8. **Not Providing Balanced Nutrition**
Some farmers do not adjust feed according to the pig’s growth stage, leading to poor feed utilization and longer time to market.
9. **Thinking All Lean Pigs Are Profitable**
Lean pigs are valuable, but they need proper nutrition to develop lean meat. Overfeeding or underfeeding can result in less desirable carcasses.
10. **Avoiding Medication During Pregnancy**
Some farmers avoid treating sick pregnant sows, fearing abortion. However, timely treatment is essential to prevent serious complications.
11. **Neglecting Disease Prevention**
Many farmers rely only on basic vaccines and ignore other important diseases. A comprehensive prevention strategy is necessary to reduce losses.
12. **Selling Larger Pigs for More Profit**
While larger pigs might seem more profitable, the feed-to-meat ratio becomes less efficient beyond a certain weight. It’s best to sell pigs around 90–100 kg for optimal profit.
By addressing these misconceptions and adopting scientifically sound practices, farmers can improve productivity, animal health, and overall profitability.
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