The reason why the sow is not estrus for a long time and the solution

After giving birth, sows may experience a prolonged period without showing estrus. This issue can be attributed to several factors: First, uterine infections or other infectious diseases such as endometritis, erythema, mycoplasmosis, and parvovirus can significantly delay the return to estrus after weaning. These conditions not only affect the sow’s reproductive health but also disrupt hormonal balance, leading to long-term anestrus. Second, poor nutrition or moldy feed poisoning can also cause extended periods of no estrus. If sows are fed with low-quality feed that lacks essential nutrients or contains mold, it can interfere with the pituitary gland's hormone production, which is crucial for normal estrus cycles. Third, improper feeding and management practices, such as keeping sows in confined spaces like individual stalls for extended periods, can contribute to prolonged anestrus. Lack of movement and social interaction can negatively impact their reproductive performance. To address this issue, the following measures can be taken: 1. First, identify and eliminate the root cause of the problem. This may involve treating underlying infections or improving feed quality. 2. For cases related to malnutrition or moldy feed, ensure proper nutrition by supplementing the diet with vitamins A and E, or adding carrots to the feed. Avoid feeding any spoiled or moldy feed. 3. Implement effective management strategies. For pregnant gilts, using a breeding bar system can help increase the breeding success rate. Once gilts reach mating age, place them in the breeding bar. If they don’t show estrus within 30 days, move them to a larger pen or outdoor area for 2–3 days to encourage activity and social interaction. Afterward, return them to the breeding bar and monitor for estrus. Repeat this process every 10 days, and most gilts will achieve a breeding rate of over 85%. For weaned sows, the key is to quickly transition them from the "lactation" state to the estrus phase. Within three days after weaning, moving them into a larger group or play area can stimulate estrus by reducing stress and encouraging physical activity. However, after the fourth day, some sows may begin to show signs of estrus. Continuing to keep them in large groups at this point may lead to misdiagnosis. Therefore, it's best to move weaned sows back to individual stalls after 2–3 days and observe for 7–10 days. Those that show estrus should then be moved to a larger pen for 2–3 days before returning to the breeding bar. Repeat this cycle several times to maintain a high breeding rate. Sows that have already been bred should not be kept in groups, as fighting or excessive movement can prevent successful implantation of fertilized eggs or even cause early abortions. After breeding, they should be immediately placed in individual stalls. No vaccinations should be given during the first 30 days of pregnancy, and moldy feed must be avoided entirely. If sows still do not show estrus despite these efforts, hormone treatments can be used to induce estrus. Common options include: - FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone): 10–25 mg intramuscular injection - Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin (PMSG): 200–800 units, intramuscular - Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG): 500–1000 units, intramuscular - Prostaglandin: 3–8 mg, intramuscular - Cloprostenol: 175 μg, intramuscular These methods can help restore normal estrus cycles and improve overall reproductive efficiency in sows.

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